Zeitgeist da cooperação sino-moçambicana em saúde
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Keywords
Moçambique, China, Cooperação, Saúde
Resumo
A China é o segundo maior parceiro de cooperação de Moçambique, tendo apoiado o processo de independência e sido o primeiro país a reconhecer o novo Estado. Apesar deste vínculo histórico, persistem críticas ao modelo de cooperação, frequentemente descrito como pouco transparente, assente em projetos pontuais e nem sempre alinhado com as prioridades nacionais. No setor da saúde, esta dinâmica pode agravar riscos de descoordenação institucional. O presente artigo analisa criticamente a cooperação sino-moçambicana no domínio da saúde, procurando responder à seguinte questão: em que medida e de que forma esta cooperação contribui para o Sistema Nacional de Saúde de Moçambique e quais os desafios estruturais que a condicionam? Para tal, recorreu-se a uma revisão da literatura, complementada por análise temática com recurso ao software ATLAS.ti. Os resultados indicam que a relação evoluiu de um quadro de solidariedade socialista para uma parceria baseada em confiança política e benefícios mútuos. As principais áreas de cooperação incluem missões médicas bienais, construção de infraestruturas de saúde, formação e capacitação de profissionais, doação de equipamentos e medicamentos, bem como o incentivo à investigação científica. Contudo, persistem desafios relevantes, nomeadamente barreiras linguísticas, reduzida transparência, incertezas quanto à sustentabilidade das intervenções, fraca participação moçambicana na fase de planeamento, fragmentação de iniciativas e limitada valorização de soluções locais. O modelo de cooperação tende a manter-se, sendo frequentemente percecionado como menos condicionado do que a cooperação ocidental. Recomenda-se, por isso, a criação de mecanismos robustos de monitorização e uma maior integração com os planos estratégicos nacionais de saúde.
Referências
Afriyie, E. K., Ankomah, S. E., Li, D., Guo, Y., Liang, H., Wu, D., & Xu, D. (2025). The role of Chinese medical teams in bridging healthcare gaps in Africa: a scoping review. Glob Health Res Policy, 10(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-025-00420-2
AllAfrica. (2009). Mozambique: malaria treatment centre inaugurated. AllAfrica Global Media. Retrieved 6 September 2025 from https://allafrica.com/stories/200911270296.html
Anthony, R. (2015). China and Mozambique: From comrades to capitalists. Politikon, 42(3), 431–432. https://doi.org/10.1080/02589346.2015.1105386
Antonielli, A. B. (2025). Medical cooperantes in Mozambique, adapting and contributing to a socialist primary health care 1970–1985. European Journal for the History of Medicine and Health, 82(1), 163–200. https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10057
Atlas.ti Scientific Software. (2020). What is ATLAS.ti? ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH. Retrieved 24 March 2020 from https://atlasti.com/product/what-is-atlas-ti/
Bambo, T. F., & Schor, A. (2022). Cooperação chinesa para o desenvolvimento: o caso de Moçambique. Cadernos do CEAS: Revista crítica de humanidades, 47(255), 159–185. https://doi.org/10.25247/2447-861X.2022.n255.p159-185
Brautigam, D. (2011). The Dragon’s Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa. OUP Oxford. https://books.google.co.mz/books?id=X2g2rEMSdIYC
Caetano, I. A., & da Silva, H. N. (2024). Contextualização da África e do novo Sul Global: a presença chinesa em Moçambique e seus impactos econômicos e políticos. Revista Percurso, 16(1), 119–134. https://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/Percurso/article/view/71314
Cambaza, E. (2023). Mozambique: country profile. Encyclopedia, 3(1), 143–167. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia3010011
Castel-Branco, C. N. (2012). PARP 2011–2014: contradições, tensões e dilemas. Desafios para Moçambique, 495, 105–115.
Cezne, E., & Wethal, U. (2022). Reading Mozambique’s mega-project developmentalism through the workplace: evidence from Chinese and Brazilian investments. African Affairs, 121(484), 343–370. https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adac019
Chemane, V. A. (2019). Parceria Moçambique-China: cruzamento de estratégias seeking em contexto de globalização financeira (um olhar aos resultados do período 2001–2016). Conjuntura Austral, 10(49). https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.87743
Chichava, S. (2008). Mozambique and China: from politics to business. Institute of Social and Economic Studies Discussion Paper, (5), 3. https://www.iese.ac.mz/~ieseacmz/lib/PPI/IESE-PPI/pastas/governacao/geral/artigos_cientificos_imprensa/DP_05_MozambiqueChinaDPaper.pdf
Chichava, S., & Fingermann, N. N. (2015). A Cooperação Sul-Sul do Brasil e da China no setor agrícola: uma análise comparada em Moçambique: CITTAU e ProALIMENTOS. Meridiano 47, 16(152), 37. https://www.iese.ac.mz/lib/noticias/2016/SC_Sul-Sul.pdf
Cuna, L. F. (2025). A cooperação bilateral entre a República Popular de Moçambique e a República Democrática Alemã entre 1979–1990 [Monograph, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane]. Maputo, Moçambique. http://monografias.uem.mz/handle/123456789/4388
Daly, G., Kaufman, J., Lin, S., Gao, L., Reyes, M., Matemu, S., & El-Sadr, W. (2020). Challenges and opportunities in China’s health aid to Africa: findings from qualitative interviews in Tanzania and Malawi. Global Health, 16(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00577-0
Bruyn, T. (2014). Brazil, India, China and South Africa in the health sector in Mozambique (Vol. 14). HIVA – Research Institute for Work and Society, KU Leuven. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261702971_Brazil_India_China_and_South_Africa_in_the_Health_Sector_in_Mozambique
de Bruyn, T. (2018). Varying presence, diverging approaches: The influence of the emerging powers on health cooperation in Mozambique. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos, (36). https://doi.org/10.4000/cea.3015
de Bruyn, T. (2019). Challenging development cooperation? The South-South development cooperation partnership: The approaches of Brazil, India and the PR China with Malawi and Mozambique [Doctoral dissertation, KU Leuven]. Leuven, Belgium. https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/6a3aa7d1-ac19-4ee6-911d-cd88cac38a8c
Dolan, C. B., Malik, A. A., Zhang, S., Mao, W., McDade, K. K., Svoboda, E., & Odhiambo, J. N. (2023). Chinese health funding in Africa: The untold story. PLOS Global Public Health, 3(6), e0001637. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001637
Eisenman, J., & Kurlantzick, J. (2006). China’s Africa strategy. Current History, 105(691), 219–224. http://archive.niza.nl/docs/200610171513091728.pdf
FMPRC. (2024). Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Beijing Action Plan (2025–2027). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. Retrieved 9 September 2025 from https://www.mfa.gov.cn/eng/xw/zyxw/202409/t20240905_11485719.html
Gao, L., & Xu, J. (2023). Public health engagement: New opportunities and challenges in 60 years of China’s health aid to Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012302
Governo de Moçambique. (2019). Documento orientador estratégico: Financiamento do sector saúde 2020–2030. Maputo: Governo de Moçambique. Retrieved from https://p4h.world/app/uploads/2023/02/Strategic20guidance20document20on20Health20Sector20Financing202020-203020in20Mozambique.x80726.pdf
Gustava, M. (2024). Prospects for Mozambique–China partnership in the context of the current global environment. In H. H. Wang & M. L. Miao (Eds.), The Future of China’s Development and Globalization: Views from Ambassadors to China (pp. 139–147). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7512-9_18
Hess, S., & Aidoo, R. (2010). Beyond the rhetoric: Noninterference in China’s African policy. African and Asian Studies, 9(3), 356–383. https://doi.org/10.1163/156921010x516003
Hill, M., & Nhamirre, B. (2021). Mozambique receives first vaccines from China after Covax delay. Bloomberg. Retrieved 8 September 2025 from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-24/mozambique-receives-first-vaccines-from-china-after-covax-delay
ICAP. (2025). China health aid to Africa: Achievements, challenges, and opportunities. Columbia Mailman School of Public Health. Retrieved from https://icap.columbia.edu/cpt_projects/china-health-aid-to-africa-achievements-challenges-and-opportunities/
Ilhéu, F. (2011). The role of China in the Portuguese speaking African countries: The case of Mozambique (Part II). Economia Global e Gestão, 16, 41–59. http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0873-74442011000100004
Jansson, J., & Kiala, C. (2009). Patterns of Chinese investment, aid and trade in Mozambique. Centre for Chinese Studies, University of Stellenbosch. https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/ccs_mozambique_briefing_paper__october_2009.pdf
Killeen, O. J., Davis, A., Tucker, J. D., & Mason Meier, B. (2018). Chinese global health diplomacy in Africa: opportunities and challenges. Global Health Governance, 12(2), 4–29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30956750
Kopiński, D., Polus, A., & Taylor, I. (2011). Contextualising Chinese engagement in Africa. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 29(2), 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2011.555189
Li, A. (2011). Chinese medical cooperation in Africa: With special emphasis on the medical teams and anti-malaria campaign. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. https://books.google.co.mz/books?id=NbuiuAAACAAJ
Liu, P., Guo, Y., Qian, X., Tang, S., Li, Z., & Chen, L. (2014). China’s distinctive engagement in global health. The Lancet, 384(9945), 793–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60725-X
Mabucanhane, N. L. (2015). A nova era de cooperação Moçambique–China: debates, dilemas, realidades e perspectivas de políticas institucionais. Espaço e Economia, (7). https://doi.org/10.4000/espacoeconomia.2025
Micah, A. E., Zhao, Y., Chen, C. S., Zlavog, B. S., Tsakalos, G., Chapin, A., Gloyd, S., Jonas, J., Lee, P. H., Liu, S., Ng, M. T. A., Phillips, M. R., Rubagotti, E., Tang, K., Tang, S., Younis, M., Zhang, Y., Murray, C. J. L., & Dieleman, J. L. (2019). Tracking development assistance for health from China, 2007–2017. BMJ Global Health, 4(5), e001513. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001513
MISAU. (2022). Plano Estratégico do Sector da Saúde (PESS 2014–2019), extensão 2020–2024. Maputo: Ministério da Saúde de Moçambique. Retrieved from https://biblioteca.unisced.edu.mz/handle/123456789/3412
MozParks. (2017). Watch: hospital in central Mozambique gets paediatric block with support from China. Retrieved 6 September 2025 from https://clubofmozambique.com/news/watch-hospital-in-central-mozambique-gets-paediatric-block-with-support-from-china/
Odhiambo, J. N., Dolan, C., Malik, A. A., & Tavel, A. (2023). China’s hidden role in malaria control and elimination in Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013349
Qinfangzi, L., & Jingcheng, L. (2024). Connectivity and challenges: analyzing the China–Mozambique partnership in the Global South. Russia in the Global World, 30(4), 7–24. https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/userfiles/files/1_-Lyu-Tsinfantszi-Li-Tszinchen-7-24(2).pdf
Robinson, D. (2011). The political economy of China in Africa: The case of Mozambique. AFSAAP Conference 2011, Adelaide, Australia. https://afsaap.org.au/assets/Robinson.pdf
SAIIA. (2009). China in Mozambique: A cautious approach (Country case study, Vol. 23). South African Institute of International Affairs. https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/Occasional-Paper-23.pdf
SOICO. (2017). Hospital Central da Beira conta com novo bloco pediátrico. O País. Retrieved 6 September 2025 from https://opais.co.mz/hospital-central-da-beira-conta-com-novo-bloco-pediatrico/
Su, X.-Z., & Miller, L. H. (2015). The discovery of artemisinin and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Science China Life Sciences, 58(11), 1175–1179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-015-4948-7
Tambo, E., Ugwu, C. E., Guan, Y., Wei, D., Xiao, N., & Xiao-Nong, Z. (2016). China-Africa health development initiatives: benefits and implications for shaping innovative and evidence-informed approaches.
Bruyn, T. (2014). Brazil, India, China and South Africa in the Health Sector in Mozambique (Vol. 14). HIVA – Research Institute for Work and Society, KU Leuven. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261702971_Brazil_India_China_and_South_Africa_in_the_Health_Sector_in_Mozambique
Bruyn, T. (2018). Varying presence, diverging approaches: the influence of the emerging powers on health cooperation in Mozambique. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos (36). https://doi.org/10.4000/cea.3015
de Bruyn, T. (2019). Challenging Development Cooperation? The South-South Development Cooperation Partnership: The approaches of Brazil, India and the PR China with Malawi and Mozambique [Doctoral dissertation, KU Leuven]. Leuven, Belgium. https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/6a3aa7d1-ac19-4ee6-911d-cd88cac38a8c
Daly, G., Kaufman, J., Lin, S., Gao, L., Reyes, M., Matemu, S., & El-Sadr, W. (2020). Challenges and opportunities in China’s health aid to Africa: findings from qualitative interviews in Tanzania and Malawi. Global Health, 16(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00577-0
Bruyn, T. (2014). Brazil, India, China and South Africa in the Health Sector in Mozambique (Vol. 14). HIVA – Research Institute for Work and Society, KU Leuven. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261702971_Brazil_India_China_and_South_Africa_in_the_Health_Sector_in_Mozambique
Bruyn, T. (2018). Varying presence, diverging approaches: the influence of the emerging powers on health cooperation in Mozambique. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos (36). https://doi.org/10.4000/cea.3015
Bruyn, T. (2019). Challenging Development Cooperation? The South-South Development Cooperation Partnership: The approaches of Brazil, India and the PR China with Malawi and Mozambique [Doctoral dissertation, KU Leuven]. Leuven, Belgium. https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/6a3aa7d1-ac19-4ee6-911d-cd88cac38a8c
Dolan, C. B., Malik, A. A., Zhang, S., Mao, W., McDade, K. K., Svoboda, E., & Odhiambo, J. N. (2023). Chinese health funding in Africa: The untold story. PLOS Global Public Health, 3(6), e0001637. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001637
Eisenman, J., & Kurlantzick, J. (2006). China’s Africa strategy. Current History, 105(691), 219–224. http://archive.niza.nl/docs/200610171513091728.pdf
FMPRC. (2024). Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Beijing Action Plan (2025–2027). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. https://www.mfa.gov.cn/eng/xw/zyxw/202409/t20240905_11485719.html
Gao, L., & Xu, J. (2023). Public health engagement: new opportunities and challenges in 60 years of China’s health aid to Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012302
Governo de Moçambique. (2019). Documento Orientador Estratégico: Financiamento do Sector Saúde 2020–30. Maputo: Governo de Moçambique. https://p4h.world/app/uploads/2023/02/Strategic_guidance_document_on_Health_Sector_Financing_2020-2030.pdf
Gustava, M. (2024). Prospects for Mozambique-China partnership in the context of the current global environment. In H. H. Wang & M. L. Miao (Eds.), The Future of China’s Development and Globalization (pp. 139–147). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7512-9_18
Hess, S., & Aidoo, R. (2010). Beyond the rhetoric: non-interference in China’s African policy. African and Asian Studies, 9(3), 356–383. https://doi.org/10.1163/156921010X516003
Hill, M., & Nhamirre, B. (2021). Mozambique receives first vaccines from China after Covax delay. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-24/mozambique-receives-first-vaccines-from-china-after-covax-delay
ICAP. (2025). China health aid to Africa: achievements, challenges, and opportunities. Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health. https://icap.columbia.edu/cpt_projects/china-health-aid-to-africa-achievements-challenges-and-opportunities/
Ilhéu, F. (2011). The role of China in the Portuguese-speaking African countries: The case of Mozambique (Part II). Economia Global e Gestão, 16, 41–59. http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0873-74442011000100004
Jansson, J., & Kiala, C. (2009). Patterns of Chinese investment, aid and trade in Mozambique. Centre for Chinese Studies, University of Stellenbosch. https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/ccs_mozambique_briefing_paper_october_2009.pdf
Killeen, O. J., Davis, A., Tucker, J. D., & Mason Meier, B. (2018). Chinese global health diplomacy in Africa: opportunities and challenges. Global Health Governance, 12(2), 4–29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30956750
Kopiński, D., Polus, A., & Taylor, I. (2011). Contextualising Chinese engagement in Africa. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 29(2), 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2011.555189
Li, A. (2011). Chinese Medical Cooperation in Africa: With Special Emphasis on the Medical Teams and Anti-malaria Campaign. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. https://books.google.com/books?id=NbuiuAAACAAJ
Liu, P., Guo, Y., Qian, X., Tang, S., Li, Z., & Chen, L. (2014). China’s distinctive engagement in global health. The Lancet, 384(9945), 793–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60725-X
Mabucanhane, N. L. (2015). A nova era de cooperação Moçambique–China: debates, dilemas, realidades e perspectivas de políticas institucionais. Espaço e Economia (7). https://doi.org/10.4000/espacoeconomia.2025
Micah, A. E., Zhao, Y., Chen, C. S., et al. (2019). Tracking development assistance for health from China, 2007–2017. BMJ Global Health, 4(5), e001513. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001513
MISAU. (2022). Plano Estratégico do Sector da Saúde (PESS 2014–2019), Extensão 2020–2024. Maputo: Ministério da Saúde de Moçambique. https://biblioteca.unisced.edu.mz/handle/123456789/3412
MozParks. (2017). Hospital in central Mozambique gets paediatric block with support from China. https://clubofmozambique.com/news/watch-hospital-in-central-mozambique-gets-paediatric-block-with-support-from-china/
Odhiambo, J. N., Dolan, C., Malik, A. A., & Tavel, A. (2023). China’s hidden role in malaria control and elimination in Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013349
Qinfangzi, L., & Jingcheng, L. (2024). Connectivity and challenges: analyzing the China-Mozambique partnership in the Global South. Russia in the Global World, 30(4), 7–24. https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/userfiles/files/1_-Lyu-Tsinfantszi-Li-Tszinchen-7-24(2).pdf
Robinson, D. (2011). The political economy of China in Africa: the case of Mozambique. AFSAAP Conference. https://afsaap.org.au/assets/Robinson.pdf
SAIIA. (2009). China in Mozambique: A cautious approach. https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/Occasional-Paper-23.pdf
SOICO. (2017). Hospital Central da Beira conta com novo bloco pediátrico. https://opais.co.mz/hospital-central-da-beira-conta-com-novo-bloco-pediatrico/
Su, X.-Z., & Miller, L. H. (2015). The discovery of artemisinin and the Nobel Prize. Science China Life Sciences, 58(11), 1175–1179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-015-4948-7
Tambo, E., et al. (2016). China-Africa health development initiatives. International Journal of MCH and AIDS, 5(2), 119–133. https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.100
Taylor, I. (2007). Sino-African relations and the problem of human rights. African Affairs, 107(426), 63–87. https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adm056
Wang, X., & Sun, T. (2014). China’s engagement in global health governance. Journal of Global Health, 4(1), 010301. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.04.010301
Wethal, U. (2017). Passive hosts or demanding stakeholders? Forum for Development Studies, 44(3), 493–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039410.2017.1317660
Wethal, U. (2018a). Beyond the China factor. Journal of Modern African Studies, 56(2), 325–351. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X18000150
Wethal, U. (2018b). When China Builds Africa. University of Oslo.
William & Mary. (2017). AidData Global Chinese Official Finance Dataset – Mozambique 2000–2014. https://university.open.ac.uk/technology/mozambique/files/files/GlobalChineseFinanceDataset_Mozambique.pdf
Xia, Z. G., et al. (2014). China–Africa cooperation initiatives in malaria control. Advances in Parasitology, 86, 319–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.00012-3
Xiao, B. (2024). Revolution, reform and the rise of China. Social Transformations in Chinese Societies. https://doi.org/10.1108/stics-08-2024-0012
Xinhua. (2023). Chinese hospital donates laparoscopic training system to Mozambique. https://english.news.cn/africa/20230323/806e2c27acc24d999325f7debc7e2619.html
Xinhua. (2025). China-funded surgical center in Mozambique. http://www.china.org.cn/world/Off_the_Wire/20250418/content_117831053.html
Afriyie, E. K., Ankomah, S. E., Li, D., Guo, Y., Liang, H., Wu, D., & Xu, D. (2025). The role of Chinese medical teams in bridging healthcare gaps in Africa: a scoping review. Global Health Research and Policy, 10(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-025-00420-2
CIDCA. (2018). Chinese aid contributes to West Africa’s fight against Ebola. China International Development Cooperation Agency. Retrieved 12 January 2026 from http://en.cidca.gov.cn/2018-08/03/c_263164.htm
Bruyn, T. (2014). Brazil, India, China and South Africa in the Health Sector in Mozambique (Vol. 14). HIVA – Research Institute for Work and Society, KU Leuven. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261702971_Brazil_India_China_and_South_Africa_in_the_Health_Sector_in_Mozambique
Bruyn, T. (2018). Varying presence, diverging approaches: the influence of the emerging powers on health cooperation in Mozambique. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos (36). https://doi.org/10.4000/cea.3015
Fuchs, A., & Rudyak, M. (2019). The motives of China’s foreign aid. In K. Zeng (Ed.), Handbook on the International Political Economy of China (p. 392). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781786435064
Ilhéu, F. (2011). The role of China in the Portuguese-speaking African countries: The case of Mozambique (Part II). Economia Global e Gestão, 16, 41–59. http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0873-74442011000100004&nrm=iso
Killeen, O. J., Davis, A., Tucker, J. D., & Mason Meier, B. (2018). Chinese global health diplomacy in Africa: opportunities and challenges. Global Health Governance, 12(2), 4–29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30956750
Micah, A. E., Chen, C. S., Zlavog, B. S., Hashimi, G., Chapin, A., & Dieleman, J. L. (2019). Trends and drivers of government health spending in sub-Saharan Africa, 1995–2015. BMJ Global Health, 4(1), e001159. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001159
Odhiambo, J. N., Dolan, C., Malik, A. A., & Tavel, A. (2023). China’s hidden role in malaria control and elimination in Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013349
SAIIA. (2009). China in Mozambique: A cautious approach country case study (Vol. 23). South African Institute of International Affairs. https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/Occasional-Paper-23.pdf
Santiago, A. R., & Duarte, P. A. B. (2025). The health silk road in China’s governance and multilateralism: towards a role adjustment. Global Security: Health, Science and Policy, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23779497.2025.2486936
Tang, K., Li, Z., Li, W., & Chen, L. (2017). China’s Silk Road and global health. The Lancet, 390(10112), 2595–2601. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32898-2
The State Council Information Office. (2021). Full text: China’s international development cooperation in the new era. Retrieved 12 January 2026 from http://english.scio.gov.cn/m/whitepapers/2021-01/10/content_77099782_7.htm
Wang, L., & Bateman, J. (2018). China’s medical aid in Africa: China is doing more than building roads in Africa. It’s also curing patients. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2018/03/chinas-medical-aid-in-africa/
Wang Yi, H. E. (2022). Making every effort for peace and development and shouldering the responsibility for solidarity and progress. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the PRC. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng./wjbzhd/202405/t20240527_11312264.html
Zeng, W., Ding, M., & Liu, H. (2023). China’s health silk road construction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Global Public Health, 18(1), 2185799. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2023.2185799
AllAfrica. (2009). Mozambique: malaria treatment centre inaugurated. AllAfrica Global Media. Retrieved 6 September 2025 from https://allafrica.com/stories/200911270296.html
Anthony, R. (2015). China and Mozambique: From comrades to capitalists. Politikon, 42(3), 431–432. https://doi.org/10.1080/02589346.2015.1105386
Antonielli, A. B. (2025). Medical cooperantes in Mozambique, adapting and contributing to a socialist primary health care 1970–1985. European Journal for the History of Medicine and Health, 82(1), 163–200. https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10057
Atlas.ti Scientific Software. (2020). What is ATLAS.ti? ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH. Retrieved 24 March 2020 from https://atlasti.com/product/what-is-atlas-ti/
Bambo, T. F., & Schor, A. (2022). Cooperação chinesa para o desenvolvimento: o caso de Moçambique. Cadernos do CEAS: Revista crítica de humanidades, 47(255), 159–185. https://doi.org/10.25247/2447-861X.2022.n255.p159-185
Brautigam, D. (2011). The Dragon’s Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa. OUP Oxford. https://books.google.co.mz/books?id=X2g2rEMSdIYC
Caetano, I. A., & da Silva, H. N. (2024). Contextualização da África e do novo Sul Global: a presença chinesa em Moçambique e seus impactos econômicos e políticos. Revista Percurso, 16(1), 119–134. https://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/Percurso/article/view/71314
Cambaza, E. (2023). Mozambique: country profile. Encyclopedia, 3(1), 143–167. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia3010011
Castel-Branco, C. N. (2012). PARP 2011–2014: contradições, tensões e dilemas. Desafios para Moçambique, 495, 105–115.
Cezne, E., & Wethal, U. (2022). Reading Mozambique’s mega-project developmentalism through the workplace: evidence from Chinese and Brazilian investments. African Affairs, 121(484), 343–370. https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adac019
Chemane, V. A. (2019). Parceria Moçambique-China: cruzamento de estratégias seeking em contexto de globalização financeira (um olhar aos resultados do período 2001–2016). Conjuntura Austral, 10(49). https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.87743
Chichava, S. (2008). Mozambique and China: from politics to business. Institute of Social and Economic Studies Discussion Paper, (5), 3. https://www.iese.ac.mz/~ieseacmz/lib/PPI/IESE-PPI/pastas/governacao/geral/artigos_cientificos_imprensa/DP_05_MozambiqueChinaDPaper.pdf
Chichava, S., & Fingermann, N. N. (2015). A Cooperação Sul-Sul do Brasil e da China no setor agrícola: uma análise comparada em Moçambique: CITTAU e ProALIMENTOS. Meridiano 47, 16(152), 37. https://www.iese.ac.mz/lib/noticias/2016/SC_Sul-Sul.pdf
Cuna, L. F. (2025). A cooperação bilateral entre a República Popular de Moçambique e a República Democrática Alemã entre 1979–1990 [Monograph, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane]. Maputo, Moçambique. http://monografias.uem.mz/handle/123456789/4388
Daly, G., Kaufman, J., Lin, S., Gao, L., Reyes, M., Matemu, S., & El-Sadr, W. (2020). Challenges and opportunities in China’s health aid to Africa: findings from qualitative interviews in Tanzania and Malawi. Global Health, 16(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00577-0
Bruyn, T. (2014). Brazil, India, China and South Africa in the health sector in Mozambique (Vol. 14). HIVA – Research Institute for Work and Society, KU Leuven. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261702971_Brazil_India_China_and_South_Africa_in_the_Health_Sector_in_Mozambique
de Bruyn, T. (2018). Varying presence, diverging approaches: The influence of the emerging powers on health cooperation in Mozambique. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos, (36). https://doi.org/10.4000/cea.3015
de Bruyn, T. (2019). Challenging development cooperation? The South-South development cooperation partnership: The approaches of Brazil, India and the PR China with Malawi and Mozambique [Doctoral dissertation, KU Leuven]. Leuven, Belgium. https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/6a3aa7d1-ac19-4ee6-911d-cd88cac38a8c
Dolan, C. B., Malik, A. A., Zhang, S., Mao, W., McDade, K. K., Svoboda, E., & Odhiambo, J. N. (2023). Chinese health funding in Africa: The untold story. PLOS Global Public Health, 3(6), e0001637. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001637
Eisenman, J., & Kurlantzick, J. (2006). China’s Africa strategy. Current History, 105(691), 219–224. http://archive.niza.nl/docs/200610171513091728.pdf
FMPRC. (2024). Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Beijing Action Plan (2025–2027). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. Retrieved 9 September 2025 from https://www.mfa.gov.cn/eng/xw/zyxw/202409/t20240905_11485719.html
Gao, L., & Xu, J. (2023). Public health engagement: New opportunities and challenges in 60 years of China’s health aid to Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012302
Governo de Moçambique. (2019). Documento orientador estratégico: Financiamento do sector saúde 2020–2030. Maputo: Governo de Moçambique. Retrieved from https://p4h.world/app/uploads/2023/02/Strategic20guidance20document20on20Health20Sector20Financing202020-203020in20Mozambique.x80726.pdf
Gustava, M. (2024). Prospects for Mozambique–China partnership in the context of the current global environment. In H. H. Wang & M. L. Miao (Eds.), The Future of China’s Development and Globalization: Views from Ambassadors to China (pp. 139–147). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7512-9_18
Hess, S., & Aidoo, R. (2010). Beyond the rhetoric: Noninterference in China’s African policy. African and Asian Studies, 9(3), 356–383. https://doi.org/10.1163/156921010x516003
Hill, M., & Nhamirre, B. (2021). Mozambique receives first vaccines from China after Covax delay. Bloomberg. Retrieved 8 September 2025 from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-24/mozambique-receives-first-vaccines-from-china-after-covax-delay
ICAP. (2025). China health aid to Africa: Achievements, challenges, and opportunities. Columbia Mailman School of Public Health. Retrieved from https://icap.columbia.edu/cpt_projects/china-health-aid-to-africa-achievements-challenges-and-opportunities/
Ilhéu, F. (2011). The role of China in the Portuguese speaking African countries: The case of Mozambique (Part II). Economia Global e Gestão, 16, 41–59. http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0873-74442011000100004
Jansson, J., & Kiala, C. (2009). Patterns of Chinese investment, aid and trade in Mozambique. Centre for Chinese Studies, University of Stellenbosch. https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/ccs_mozambique_briefing_paper__october_2009.pdf
Killeen, O. J., Davis, A., Tucker, J. D., & Mason Meier, B. (2018). Chinese global health diplomacy in Africa: opportunities and challenges. Global Health Governance, 12(2), 4–29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30956750
Kopiński, D., Polus, A., & Taylor, I. (2011). Contextualising Chinese engagement in Africa. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 29(2), 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2011.555189
Li, A. (2011). Chinese medical cooperation in Africa: With special emphasis on the medical teams and anti-malaria campaign. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. https://books.google.co.mz/books?id=NbuiuAAACAAJ
Liu, P., Guo, Y., Qian, X., Tang, S., Li, Z., & Chen, L. (2014). China’s distinctive engagement in global health. The Lancet, 384(9945), 793–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60725-X
Mabucanhane, N. L. (2015). A nova era de cooperação Moçambique–China: debates, dilemas, realidades e perspectivas de políticas institucionais. Espaço e Economia, (7). https://doi.org/10.4000/espacoeconomia.2025
Micah, A. E., Zhao, Y., Chen, C. S., Zlavog, B. S., Tsakalos, G., Chapin, A., Gloyd, S., Jonas, J., Lee, P. H., Liu, S., Ng, M. T. A., Phillips, M. R., Rubagotti, E., Tang, K., Tang, S., Younis, M., Zhang, Y., Murray, C. J. L., & Dieleman, J. L. (2019). Tracking development assistance for health from China, 2007–2017. BMJ Global Health, 4(5), e001513. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001513
MISAU. (2022). Plano Estratégico do Sector da Saúde (PESS 2014–2019), extensão 2020–2024. Maputo: Ministério da Saúde de Moçambique. Retrieved from https://biblioteca.unisced.edu.mz/handle/123456789/3412
MozParks. (2017). Watch: hospital in central Mozambique gets paediatric block with support from China. Retrieved 6 September 2025 from https://clubofmozambique.com/news/watch-hospital-in-central-mozambique-gets-paediatric-block-with-support-from-china/
Odhiambo, J. N., Dolan, C., Malik, A. A., & Tavel, A. (2023). China’s hidden role in malaria control and elimination in Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013349
Qinfangzi, L., & Jingcheng, L. (2024). Connectivity and challenges: analyzing the China–Mozambique partnership in the Global South. Russia in the Global World, 30(4), 7–24. https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/userfiles/files/1_-Lyu-Tsinfantszi-Li-Tszinchen-7-24(2).pdf
Robinson, D. (2011). The political economy of China in Africa: The case of Mozambique. AFSAAP Conference 2011, Adelaide, Australia. https://afsaap.org.au/assets/Robinson.pdf
SAIIA. (2009). China in Mozambique: A cautious approach (Country case study, Vol. 23). South African Institute of International Affairs. https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/Occasional-Paper-23.pdf
SOICO. (2017). Hospital Central da Beira conta com novo bloco pediátrico. O País. Retrieved 6 September 2025 from https://opais.co.mz/hospital-central-da-beira-conta-com-novo-bloco-pediatrico/
Su, X.-Z., & Miller, L. H. (2015). The discovery of artemisinin and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Science China Life Sciences, 58(11), 1175–1179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-015-4948-7
Tambo, E., Ugwu, C. E., Guan, Y., Wei, D., Xiao, N., & Xiao-Nong, Z. (2016). China-Africa health development initiatives: benefits and implications for shaping innovative and evidence-informed approaches.
Bruyn, T. (2014). Brazil, India, China and South Africa in the Health Sector in Mozambique (Vol. 14). HIVA – Research Institute for Work and Society, KU Leuven. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261702971_Brazil_India_China_and_South_Africa_in_the_Health_Sector_in_Mozambique
Bruyn, T. (2018). Varying presence, diverging approaches: the influence of the emerging powers on health cooperation in Mozambique. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos (36). https://doi.org/10.4000/cea.3015
de Bruyn, T. (2019). Challenging Development Cooperation? The South-South Development Cooperation Partnership: The approaches of Brazil, India and the PR China with Malawi and Mozambique [Doctoral dissertation, KU Leuven]. Leuven, Belgium. https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/6a3aa7d1-ac19-4ee6-911d-cd88cac38a8c
Daly, G., Kaufman, J., Lin, S., Gao, L., Reyes, M., Matemu, S., & El-Sadr, W. (2020). Challenges and opportunities in China’s health aid to Africa: findings from qualitative interviews in Tanzania and Malawi. Global Health, 16(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00577-0
Bruyn, T. (2014). Brazil, India, China and South Africa in the Health Sector in Mozambique (Vol. 14). HIVA – Research Institute for Work and Society, KU Leuven. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261702971_Brazil_India_China_and_South_Africa_in_the_Health_Sector_in_Mozambique
Bruyn, T. (2018). Varying presence, diverging approaches: the influence of the emerging powers on health cooperation in Mozambique. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos (36). https://doi.org/10.4000/cea.3015
Bruyn, T. (2019). Challenging Development Cooperation? The South-South Development Cooperation Partnership: The approaches of Brazil, India and the PR China with Malawi and Mozambique [Doctoral dissertation, KU Leuven]. Leuven, Belgium. https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/6a3aa7d1-ac19-4ee6-911d-cd88cac38a8c
Dolan, C. B., Malik, A. A., Zhang, S., Mao, W., McDade, K. K., Svoboda, E., & Odhiambo, J. N. (2023). Chinese health funding in Africa: The untold story. PLOS Global Public Health, 3(6), e0001637. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001637
Eisenman, J., & Kurlantzick, J. (2006). China’s Africa strategy. Current History, 105(691), 219–224. http://archive.niza.nl/docs/200610171513091728.pdf
FMPRC. (2024). Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Beijing Action Plan (2025–2027). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. https://www.mfa.gov.cn/eng/xw/zyxw/202409/t20240905_11485719.html
Gao, L., & Xu, J. (2023). Public health engagement: new opportunities and challenges in 60 years of China’s health aid to Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012302
Governo de Moçambique. (2019). Documento Orientador Estratégico: Financiamento do Sector Saúde 2020–30. Maputo: Governo de Moçambique. https://p4h.world/app/uploads/2023/02/Strategic_guidance_document_on_Health_Sector_Financing_2020-2030.pdf
Gustava, M. (2024). Prospects for Mozambique-China partnership in the context of the current global environment. In H. H. Wang & M. L. Miao (Eds.), The Future of China’s Development and Globalization (pp. 139–147). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7512-9_18
Hess, S., & Aidoo, R. (2010). Beyond the rhetoric: non-interference in China’s African policy. African and Asian Studies, 9(3), 356–383. https://doi.org/10.1163/156921010X516003
Hill, M., & Nhamirre, B. (2021). Mozambique receives first vaccines from China after Covax delay. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-24/mozambique-receives-first-vaccines-from-china-after-covax-delay
ICAP. (2025). China health aid to Africa: achievements, challenges, and opportunities. Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health. https://icap.columbia.edu/cpt_projects/china-health-aid-to-africa-achievements-challenges-and-opportunities/
Ilhéu, F. (2011). The role of China in the Portuguese-speaking African countries: The case of Mozambique (Part II). Economia Global e Gestão, 16, 41–59. http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0873-74442011000100004
Jansson, J., & Kiala, C. (2009). Patterns of Chinese investment, aid and trade in Mozambique. Centre for Chinese Studies, University of Stellenbosch. https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/ccs_mozambique_briefing_paper_october_2009.pdf
Killeen, O. J., Davis, A., Tucker, J. D., & Mason Meier, B. (2018). Chinese global health diplomacy in Africa: opportunities and challenges. Global Health Governance, 12(2), 4–29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30956750
Kopiński, D., Polus, A., & Taylor, I. (2011). Contextualising Chinese engagement in Africa. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 29(2), 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2011.555189
Li, A. (2011). Chinese Medical Cooperation in Africa: With Special Emphasis on the Medical Teams and Anti-malaria Campaign. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. https://books.google.com/books?id=NbuiuAAACAAJ
Liu, P., Guo, Y., Qian, X., Tang, S., Li, Z., & Chen, L. (2014). China’s distinctive engagement in global health. The Lancet, 384(9945), 793–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60725-X
Mabucanhane, N. L. (2015). A nova era de cooperação Moçambique–China: debates, dilemas, realidades e perspectivas de políticas institucionais. Espaço e Economia (7). https://doi.org/10.4000/espacoeconomia.2025
Micah, A. E., Zhao, Y., Chen, C. S., et al. (2019). Tracking development assistance for health from China, 2007–2017. BMJ Global Health, 4(5), e001513. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001513
MISAU. (2022). Plano Estratégico do Sector da Saúde (PESS 2014–2019), Extensão 2020–2024. Maputo: Ministério da Saúde de Moçambique. https://biblioteca.unisced.edu.mz/handle/123456789/3412
MozParks. (2017). Hospital in central Mozambique gets paediatric block with support from China. https://clubofmozambique.com/news/watch-hospital-in-central-mozambique-gets-paediatric-block-with-support-from-china/
Odhiambo, J. N., Dolan, C., Malik, A. A., & Tavel, A. (2023). China’s hidden role in malaria control and elimination in Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013349
Qinfangzi, L., & Jingcheng, L. (2024). Connectivity and challenges: analyzing the China-Mozambique partnership in the Global South. Russia in the Global World, 30(4), 7–24. https://russiaglobal.spbstu.ru/userfiles/files/1_-Lyu-Tsinfantszi-Li-Tszinchen-7-24(2).pdf
Robinson, D. (2011). The political economy of China in Africa: the case of Mozambique. AFSAAP Conference. https://afsaap.org.au/assets/Robinson.pdf
SAIIA. (2009). China in Mozambique: A cautious approach. https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/Occasional-Paper-23.pdf
SOICO. (2017). Hospital Central da Beira conta com novo bloco pediátrico. https://opais.co.mz/hospital-central-da-beira-conta-com-novo-bloco-pediatrico/
Su, X.-Z., & Miller, L. H. (2015). The discovery of artemisinin and the Nobel Prize. Science China Life Sciences, 58(11), 1175–1179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-015-4948-7
Tambo, E., et al. (2016). China-Africa health development initiatives. International Journal of MCH and AIDS, 5(2), 119–133. https://doi.org/10.21106/ijma.100
Taylor, I. (2007). Sino-African relations and the problem of human rights. African Affairs, 107(426), 63–87. https://doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adm056
Wang, X., & Sun, T. (2014). China’s engagement in global health governance. Journal of Global Health, 4(1), 010301. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.04.010301
Wethal, U. (2017). Passive hosts or demanding stakeholders? Forum for Development Studies, 44(3), 493–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039410.2017.1317660
Wethal, U. (2018a). Beyond the China factor. Journal of Modern African Studies, 56(2), 325–351. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X18000150
Wethal, U. (2018b). When China Builds Africa. University of Oslo.
William & Mary. (2017). AidData Global Chinese Official Finance Dataset – Mozambique 2000–2014. https://university.open.ac.uk/technology/mozambique/files/files/GlobalChineseFinanceDataset_Mozambique.pdf
Xia, Z. G., et al. (2014). China–Africa cooperation initiatives in malaria control. Advances in Parasitology, 86, 319–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800869-0.00012-3
Xiao, B. (2024). Revolution, reform and the rise of China. Social Transformations in Chinese Societies. https://doi.org/10.1108/stics-08-2024-0012
Xinhua. (2023). Chinese hospital donates laparoscopic training system to Mozambique. https://english.news.cn/africa/20230323/806e2c27acc24d999325f7debc7e2619.html
Xinhua. (2025). China-funded surgical center in Mozambique. http://www.china.org.cn/world/Off_the_Wire/20250418/content_117831053.html
Afriyie, E. K., Ankomah, S. E., Li, D., Guo, Y., Liang, H., Wu, D., & Xu, D. (2025). The role of Chinese medical teams in bridging healthcare gaps in Africa: a scoping review. Global Health Research and Policy, 10(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-025-00420-2
CIDCA. (2018). Chinese aid contributes to West Africa’s fight against Ebola. China International Development Cooperation Agency. Retrieved 12 January 2026 from http://en.cidca.gov.cn/2018-08/03/c_263164.htm
Bruyn, T. (2014). Brazil, India, China and South Africa in the Health Sector in Mozambique (Vol. 14). HIVA – Research Institute for Work and Society, KU Leuven. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261702971_Brazil_India_China_and_South_Africa_in_the_Health_Sector_in_Mozambique
Bruyn, T. (2018). Varying presence, diverging approaches: the influence of the emerging powers on health cooperation in Mozambique. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos (36). https://doi.org/10.4000/cea.3015
Fuchs, A., & Rudyak, M. (2019). The motives of China’s foreign aid. In K. Zeng (Ed.), Handbook on the International Political Economy of China (p. 392). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781786435064
Ilhéu, F. (2011). The role of China in the Portuguese-speaking African countries: The case of Mozambique (Part II). Economia Global e Gestão, 16, 41–59. http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0873-74442011000100004&nrm=iso
Killeen, O. J., Davis, A., Tucker, J. D., & Mason Meier, B. (2018). Chinese global health diplomacy in Africa: opportunities and challenges. Global Health Governance, 12(2), 4–29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30956750
Micah, A. E., Chen, C. S., Zlavog, B. S., Hashimi, G., Chapin, A., & Dieleman, J. L. (2019). Trends and drivers of government health spending in sub-Saharan Africa, 1995–2015. BMJ Global Health, 4(1), e001159. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001159
Odhiambo, J. N., Dolan, C., Malik, A. A., & Tavel, A. (2023). China’s hidden role in malaria control and elimination in Africa. BMJ Global Health, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013349
SAIIA. (2009). China in Mozambique: A cautious approach country case study (Vol. 23). South African Institute of International Affairs. https://saiia.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/Occasional-Paper-23.pdf
Santiago, A. R., & Duarte, P. A. B. (2025). The health silk road in China’s governance and multilateralism: towards a role adjustment. Global Security: Health, Science and Policy, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23779497.2025.2486936
Tang, K., Li, Z., Li, W., & Chen, L. (2017). China’s Silk Road and global health. The Lancet, 390(10112), 2595–2601. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32898-2
The State Council Information Office. (2021). Full text: China’s international development cooperation in the new era. Retrieved 12 January 2026 from http://english.scio.gov.cn/m/whitepapers/2021-01/10/content_77099782_7.htm
Wang, L., & Bateman, J. (2018). China’s medical aid in Africa: China is doing more than building roads in Africa. It’s also curing patients. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2018/03/chinas-medical-aid-in-africa/
Wang Yi, H. E. (2022). Making every effort for peace and development and shouldering the responsibility for solidarity and progress. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the PRC. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng./wjbzhd/202405/t20240527_11312264.html
Zeng, W., Ding, M., & Liu, H. (2023). China’s health silk road construction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Global Public Health, 18(1), 2185799. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2023.2185799
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Publicado
Jun 18, 2026
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Como Citar
Zeitgeist da cooperação sino-moçambicana em saúde. (2026). Revista Internacional Em Língua Portuguesa, 1(49). https://doi.org/10.31492/2184-2043.RILP2026.49/pp.149-171
Secção
Artigos
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-CompartilhaIgual 4.0.
No momento de submissão do artigo é necessário o preenchimento da respetiva “Declaração de Direito Autoral” pelo(s) autor(es), na qual se afirma concordar com as condições e normas de publicação da RILP, bem como garantir o carácter inédito e original do texto submetido para avaliação científica. Deste modo, o(s) autor(es) declara(m) aceitar as instruções e condições de publicação da revista, respeitando os deveres de copyright, mantendo os seus direitos autorais, mas cedem à RILP os direitos sobre a primeira publicação na versão impressa e digital.
A publicação e partilha parcial ou integral do texto (em repositórios institucionais, capítulos de livros, publicações periódicas, redes sociais e plataformas profissionais nas áreas de ciência e investigação, entre outros) obriga à referenciação da publicação inicial na revista e ligação para o site da RILP, recorrendo, para o efeito, à informação disponibilizada pelo sistema DOI (Digital Object Identifier).
A RILP incentiva a partilha e distribuição do trabalho publicado pelos autores na revista, elevando os factores de impacto e número de citações registadas, contribuindo assim para uma ciência aberta (https://www.ciencia-aberta.pt/) e acessível (http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/portals-and-platforms/goap/open-science-movement/), desde logo, à comunidade internacional de língua portuguesa.
Os trabalhos publicados estão licenciados com uma Licença Creative Commons – Atribuição-CompartilhaIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-SA 4.0) e a RILP não imputa aos autores nenhum custo pela submissão de artigos ou publicação.
Deverá enviar a respetiva "Declaração de Direito Autoral" devidamente preenchida e assinada para o seguinte endereço de e-mail: [email protected]
Biografia do Autor
Edgar Manuel Cambaza, Universidade Aberta ISCED
Doutor em Sustentabilidade de Biossistemas pela Hokkaido University (Japão), mestre em Ciências dos Alimentos pela University of Western Australia (Austrália), mestre em Administração de Negócios pela University of the People e licenciado em Ciências Biológicas pela Universidade Eduardo Mondlane (UEM). Atualmente, é Diretor de Pesquisa e Extensão da UnISCED. Publicou mais de 120 trabalhos científicos, sobretudo na área da Saúde Pública. É membro do Comité Interinstitucional de Bioética para a Saúde de Sofala e bolseiro do Global Program for AgriScience Frontiers da Hokkaido University.
Como Citar
Zeitgeist da cooperação sino-moçambicana em saúde. (2026). Revista Internacional Em Língua Portuguesa, 1(49). https://doi.org/10.31492/2184-2043.RILP2026.49/pp.149-171